Some Changzhi residents told China Daily that contaminated water from the aniline spill has flowed into their fallow farmland, and they expressed concerns that the toxic chemical would affect the spring harvest. If that proves to be the case, they will ask for compensation from the plant or the local government.

However, it's difficult for residents to defend their rights as individuals, according to Tian Fengchang, a legal adviser at the All-China Environment Federation. A lack of legal knowledge prevents many people from asserting their rights and most are unable to afford the legal fees.

"They either ask for a huge amount in compensation that exceeds the prescribed limit, or don't know their rights," said Tian.