"Mammals are facing a global decline. While habitat degradation and poaching pose the most threats to mammals (IUCN, 2008), these factors indirectly lead to conflicts. As wildlife habitats are reduced and fragmented, humans and wildlife encounter more frequently. This may cause major losses to rural people's livelihoods and lives, and may also jeopardize support for conservation projects. Therefore, Human and Wildlife Conflict (HWC) has been recognized as a priority for global conservation efforts, and become an emerging research field..." (A wildlife tolerance model and case study for understanding human wildlife conflicts, Ruth Kansky)

WWF's Tigers Alive Initiative organized tiger range countries' relevant staff and outside experts to form a working group in the hope of further improving HWC management by developing effective standard frameworks and tools.

Since 2006, WWF has been making wildlife conservation efforts in Amur tiger habitats in China, with tigers as flagship species, to support wild Amur tiger population recovery, including habitat restoration and connectivity building, anti-poaching innovation, community green development, communication and natural education etc.